ボリュームの種類を選ぶ

ボリュームの種類

AudioManager | Android Developers

int STREAM_ALARM The audio stream for alarms
int STREAM_DTMF The audio stream for DTMF Tones
int STREAM_MUSIC The audio stream for music playback
int STREAM_NOTIFICATION The audio stream for notifications
int STREAM_RING The audio stream for the phone ring
int STREAM_SYSTEM The audio stream for system sounds
int STREAM_VOICE_CALL The audio stream for phone calls

ソース

Notification notify = new Notification(R.drawable.icon, "notice!", System.currentTimeMillis());
notify.audioStreamType = AudioManager.STREAM_ALARM;

これでアラームの音量が適用されます

参考

[音量設定アプリ] 第1回 着信音量を設定する方法 | Techfirm Android Lab
http://labs.techfirm.co.jp/android/k-matsuda/180